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Me and The Ecology Bit – CBSE NCERT Study Resources

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10th

10th - English (Panorama - Prose)

Me and The Ecology Bit

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Overview of the Chapter

The chapter "Me and The Ecology Bit" from the CBSE Grade 10 English textbook (Panorama - Prose) explores the theme of environmental consciousness and personal responsibility towards nature. It highlights the importance of ecological balance and encourages students to reflect on their role in preserving the environment.

Ecology: The branch of biology that deals with the relations of organisms to one another and to their physical surroundings.

Key Themes

  • Environmental Awareness
  • Human Impact on Nature
  • Sustainable Living

Summary

The chapter narrates the protagonist's journey towards understanding ecological issues. It begins with their initial indifference to environmental problems and gradually moves towards a deeper realization of their responsibility. The text emphasizes small, actionable steps individuals can take to contribute to ecological conservation.

Important Characters

  • The Protagonist: Represents the common individual who evolves into an environmentally conscious person.
  • The Mentor: A guiding figure who educates the protagonist about ecological balance.

Key Takeaways

  • Every individual has a role in protecting the environment.
  • Small actions can collectively lead to significant ecological benefits.
  • Education and awareness are crucial for sustainable living.

All Question Types with Solutions – CBSE Exam Pattern

Explore a complete set of CBSE-style questions with detailed solutions, categorized by marks and question types. Ideal for exam preparation, revision and practice.

Very Short Answer (1 Mark) – with Solutions (CBSE Pattern)

These are 1-mark questions requiring direct, concise answers. Ideal for quick recall and concept clarity.

Question 1:
What is ecology?
Answer:

Study of organisms and their environment.

Question 2:
Name two abiotic components of an ecosystem.
Answer:
  • Water
  • Soil
Question 3:
Define food chain with an example.
Answer:

Transfer of energy; e.g., Grass → Deer → Lion.

Question 4:
What is biodegradable waste?
Answer:

Waste that decomposes naturally.

Question 5:
Give one example of renewable resource.
Answer:

Solar energy.

Question 6:
What is the role of decomposers?
Answer:

Break down dead organic matter.

Question 7:
Name a greenhouse gas.
Answer:

Carbon dioxide.

Question 8:
What is sustainable development?
Answer:

Meeting needs without harming future generations.

Question 9:
Give an example of terrestrial ecosystem.
Answer:

Forest.

Question 10:
What is pollution?
Answer:

Harmful substances in the environment.

Question 11:
Name one endangered species.
Answer:

Tiger.

Question 12:
What is conservation?
Answer:

Protecting natural resources.

Question 13:
Give an example of human-made ecosystem.
Answer:

Aquarium.

Question 14:
What is biodiversity?
Answer:

Variety of life in an area.

Question 15:
What is the primary focus of the chapter Me and The Ecology Bit?
Answer:

The chapter focuses on the relationship between humans and the environment, emphasizing ecological balance and the role individuals play in preserving it. It highlights sustainability and personal responsibility.

Question 16:
Define ecology in simple terms.
Answer:

Ecology is the study of interactions between living organisms and their physical environment. It examines how plants, animals, and humans coexist and depend on each other.

Question 17:
Name one way humans negatively impact the environment, as discussed in the chapter.
Answer:

Humans contribute to pollution by releasing harmful substances like plastic waste and industrial chemicals into the environment, disrupting ecological harmony.

Question 18:
What is the significance of the term sustainable development?
Answer:

Sustainable development means meeting present needs without compromising future generations' ability to meet theirs. It balances economic growth, social well-being, and environmental protection.

Question 19:
How can an individual contribute to ecological conservation?
Answer:
  • Reduce waste by recycling and reusing materials.
  • Conserve water and electricity.
  • Plant trees and support local biodiversity.
Question 20:
What role do forests play in maintaining ecological balance?
Answer:

Forests act as carbon sinks, absorb greenhouse gases, and provide habitats for wildlife. They also regulate climate and prevent soil erosion.

Question 21:
Explain the term biodiversity briefly.
Answer:

Biodiversity refers to the variety of life forms (plants, animals, microorganisms) in an ecosystem. It ensures ecological stability and resilience.

Question 22:
Why is the conservation of water bodies important for ecology?
Answer:

Water bodies support aquatic life, maintain hydrological cycles, and provide resources for human survival. Pollution or depletion disrupts these ecosystems.

Question 23:
What is the connection between climate change and human activities?
Answer:

Human activities like burning fossil fuels increase greenhouse gas emissions, leading to global warming and climate change, which affects weather patterns and ecosystems.

Question 24:
How does deforestation affect wildlife?
Answer:

Deforestation destroys habitats, leading to species extinction and loss of biodiversity. It disrupts food chains and ecological balance.

Question 25:
What is the importance of the 3 R's in ecology?
Answer:

The 3 R's—Reduce, Reuse, Recycle—help minimize waste, conserve resources, and reduce environmental pollution, promoting sustainability.

Question 26:
Name one government initiative mentioned in the chapter to protect the environment.
Answer:

The Swachh Bharat Abhiyan promotes cleanliness and waste management to reduce environmental pollution and improve public health.

Very Short Answer (2 Marks) – with Solutions (CBSE Pattern)

These 2-mark questions test key concepts in a brief format. Answers are expected to be accurate and slightly descriptive.

Question 1:
What is the main theme of the chapter Me and The Ecology Bit?
Answer:

The main theme revolves around environmental awareness and the importance of sustainable living. It highlights how individual actions impact ecology and encourages responsible behavior towards nature.

Question 2:
Name two ways humans harm the environment as mentioned in the chapter.
Answer:
  • Deforestation: Cutting down trees disrupts ecosystems.
  • Pollution: Releasing harmful substances into air, water, and soil.
Question 3:
How can students contribute to ecological conservation?
Answer:

Students can:
1. Reduce waste by recycling and reusing.
2. Plant trees and participate in clean-up drives.
3. Spread awareness about sustainable practices.

Question 4:
What is the significance of the food chain in ecology?
Answer:

The food chain shows energy transfer between organisms, maintaining ecological balance. Disruptions can lead to species extinction or overpopulation, harming the environment.

Question 5:
Explain the term biodiversity.
Answer:

Biodiversity refers to the variety of life forms (plants, animals, microorganisms) in an ecosystem. It ensures resilience and stability in nature.

Question 6:
Why is water conservation important according to the chapter?
Answer:

Water is a finite resource essential for survival. Waste leads to scarcity, affecting ecosystems and human life. Conservation ensures sustainability for future generations.

Question 7:
Give an example of a renewable resource mentioned in the chapter.
Answer:

Solar energy is a renewable resource as it is naturally replenished and causes minimal environmental harm compared to fossil fuels.

Question 8:
What role do decomposers play in ecology?
Answer:

Decomposers break down dead organic matter, recycling nutrients back into the soil. This process supports plant growth and maintains nutrient cycles.

Question 9:
How does overpopulation affect the environment?
Answer:

Overpopulation strains resources like water, food, and land, leading to:
1. Increased pollution.
2. Habitat destruction.
3. Higher carbon emissions.

Question 10:
What message does the chapter convey about individual responsibility towards ecology?
Answer:

It emphasizes that small actions (e.g., saving water, reducing plastic use) collectively make a big difference. Everyone must act responsibly to protect planet Earth.

Short Answer (3 Marks) – with Solutions (CBSE Pattern)

These 3-mark questions require brief explanations and help assess understanding and application of concepts.

Question 1:
Explain the concept of ecological footprint with an example.
Answer:

The ecological footprint measures how much land and water area a human population needs to produce the resources it consumes and absorb its waste.

For example, if a person drives a car daily, the fuel consumption increases their ecological footprint because more natural resources are used to sustain their lifestyle. Sustainability is key to reducing this footprint.

Question 2:
How does deforestation impact the carbon cycle?
Answer:

Deforestation disrupts the carbon cycle by reducing the number of trees that absorb carbon dioxide (CO2) during photosynthesis.

This leads to higher CO2 levels in the atmosphere, contributing to the greenhouse effect and global warming. Additionally, burning trees releases stored carbon back into the air.

Question 3:
Describe two ways individuals can reduce water pollution.
Answer:
  • Avoid dumping chemicals or waste into water bodies, as they harm aquatic life and degrade water quality.
  • Use eco-friendly cleaning products to prevent harmful substances from entering drains and rivers.

Small actions collectively make a big difference in preserving freshwater ecosystems.

Question 4:
What is the role of biodiversity in maintaining ecological balance?
Answer:

Biodiversity ensures ecological balance by supporting food chains, nutrient cycling, and ecosystem resilience.

For instance, bees pollinate crops, maintaining food production, while predators control pest populations. Loss of species diversity can destabilize entire ecosystems.

Question 5:
How can renewable energy help in reducing environmental degradation?
Answer:

Renewable energy sources like solar and wind power reduce reliance on fossil fuels, minimizing air pollution and greenhouse gas emissions.

Unlike coal or oil, they are sustainable and do not deplete natural resources, helping combat climate change and protect habitats.

Question 6:
Explain the term sustainable development with a real-life application.
Answer:

Sustainable development meets present needs without compromising future generations' ability to meet theirs.

A real-life example is using rainwater harvesting to conserve water, ensuring its availability for long-term use while reducing strain on groundwater sources.

Question 7:
Explain the concept of ecological balance with reference to the chapter 'Me and The Ecology Bit'.
Answer:

Ecological balance refers to the stable state where living organisms and their environment coexist harmoniously. Producers, consumers, and decomposers maintain this balance through natural cycles like the carbon cycle and nitrogen cycle. Human activities like deforestation disrupt this balance, leading to issues like climate change. The chapter emphasizes the need for sustainable practices to restore harmony.

Question 8:
How does the chapter 'Me and The Ecology Bit' highlight the role of individuals in environmental conservation?
Answer:

The chapter stresses that every individual can contribute to environmental conservation through small actions:

  • Reducing waste by recycling and reusing
  • Planting trees to enhance biodiversity
  • Conserving water and energy
Collective efforts can lead to significant positive changes, as highlighted in the chapter.

Question 9:
Describe the impact of pollution on ecosystems as discussed in 'Me and The Ecology Bit'.
Answer:

Pollution harms ecosystems in multiple ways:
Air pollution damages photosynthesis in plants.
Water pollution affects aquatic life by reducing oxygen levels.
Soil pollution degrades fertility, impacting agriculture. The chapter urges adopting eco-friendly habits to mitigate these effects.

Question 10:
What is the significance of biodiversity according to the chapter 'Me and The Ecology Bit'?
Answer:

Biodiversity ensures ecosystem stability by:

  • Supporting food chains and webs
  • Maintaining genetic diversity for species survival
  • Providing resources like medicines and raw materials
The chapter warns that losing biodiversity disrupts ecological balance, making conservation vital.

Question 11:
How does the chapter 'Me and The Ecology Bit' relate human health to environmental health?
Answer:

The chapter explains that a polluted environment leads to health issues like respiratory diseases from air pollution and waterborne illnesses from contaminated water. Clean air, water, and soil are essential for human well-being, emphasizing the need for sustainable living.

Question 12:
Explain the term sustainable development as per the chapter 'Me and The Ecology Bit'.
Answer:

Sustainable development means meeting present needs without compromising future generations. The chapter suggests:

  • Using renewable energy like solar power
  • Promoting organic farming
  • Reducing carbon footprints
This approach ensures long-term ecological balance and resource availability.

Long Answer (5 Marks) – with Solutions (CBSE Pattern)

These 5-mark questions are descriptive and require detailed, structured answers with proper explanation and examples.

Question 1:
Explain how human activities impact the ecology based on 'Me and The Ecology Bit'. Support your answer with examples.
Answer:
Introduction

Human activities significantly affect ecology, as discussed in 'Me and The Ecology Bit'. Our textbook shows how pollution and deforestation disrupt ecosystems.


Argument 1
  • Industrial waste pollutes water, harming aquatic life. Example: River pollution in Delhi.
  • Deforestation reduces habitats. Example: Loss of forests in the Amazon.

Conclusion

We must adopt sustainable practices to protect ecology, as highlighted in the chapter.

Question 2:
Describe the role of individual responsibility in conserving ecology, referring to 'Me and The Ecology Bit'.
Answer:
Introduction

Individual actions play a crucial role in ecology conservation, as emphasized in 'Me and The Ecology Bit'. Small steps can lead to big changes.


Argument 1
  • Reducing plastic use prevents land and water pollution. Example: Using cloth bags.
  • Saving water ensures resource sustainability. Example: Fixing leaking taps.

Conclusion

Our textbook teaches that collective individual efforts can safeguard the environment.

Question 3:
How does biodiversity contribute to ecological balance according to 'Me and The Ecology Bit'? Provide examples.
Answer:
Introduction

Biodiversity maintains ecological balance, as explained in 'Me and The Ecology Bit'. Diverse species support ecosystem stability.


Argument 1
  • Bees pollinate plants, ensuring food production. Example: Agricultural fields.
  • Predators control prey populations. Example: Tigers in forests.

Conclusion

Protecting biodiversity, as our textbook shows, is vital for a healthy planet.

Question 4:
Discuss the consequences of climate change on ecology, referencing 'Me and The Ecology Bit'.
Answer:
Introduction

Climate change severely impacts ecology, as described in 'Me and The Ecology Bit'. Rising temperatures disrupt natural cycles.


Argument 1
  • Melting glaciers threaten freshwater supply. Example: Himalayan glaciers.
  • Extreme weather damages habitats. Example: Coral bleaching in oceans.

Conclusion

Our textbook urges immediate action to mitigate climate change effects.

Question 5:
Explain the importance of sustainable development in ecology, using examples from 'Me and The Ecology Bit'.
Answer:
Introduction

Sustainable development balances growth and ecology, as highlighted in 'Me and The Ecology Bit'. It ensures resources for future generations.


Argument 1
  • Renewable energy reduces pollution. Example: Solar power projects.
  • Organic farming protects soil health. Example: Sikkim's organic state initiative.

Conclusion

Our textbook shows that sustainable practices are key to ecological preservation.

Question 6:
Explain how human activities impact the ecology based on the chapter 'Me and The Ecology Bit'. Support your answer with examples.
Answer:
Introduction

Human activities significantly affect ecology, as discussed in our textbook. These actions disrupt natural balance.


Argument 1
  • Deforestation reduces habitats, like cutting trees for urban development.
  • Pollution from industries harms air and water, as seen in the Ganga river case.

Argument 2
  • Overuse of plastics leads to soil degradation, like in landfill sites.
  • Excessive farming depletes soil nutrients, shown in Punjab's soil erosion.

Conclusion

We must adopt sustainable practices to protect ecology, as our textbook emphasizes.

Question 7:
Describe the role of individual actions in conserving ecology with reference to 'Me and The Ecology Bit'.
Answer:
Introduction

Individual actions play a crucial role in ecology conservation, as highlighted in our chapter.


Argument 1
  • Reducing plastic use prevents pollution, like carrying cloth bags.
  • Saving water by fixing leaks, as shown in NCERT's rainwater harvesting example.

Argument 2
  • Planting trees improves air quality, like community initiatives in cities.
  • Recycling waste reduces landfill burden, demonstrated in Bengaluru's composting projects.

Conclusion

Small steps by individuals collectively make a big difference, as our textbook teaches.

Question 8:
How does the chapter 'Me and The Ecology Bit' illustrate the interdependence of living organisms and their environment?
Answer:
Introduction

The chapter explains how living organisms and their environment depend on each other for survival.


Argument 1
  • Plants produce oxygen for animals, while animals provide CO2 for plants, like in forests.
  • Bees pollinate flowers, ensuring food production, as shown in farm ecosystems.

Argument 2
  • Decomposers recycle nutrients, maintaining soil fertility, like earthworms in gardens.
  • Predators control prey populations, balancing ecosystems, as in tiger reserves.

Conclusion

Our textbook emphasizes that disrupting this interdependence harms all life forms.

Question 9:
Analyze the importance of biodiversity as discussed in 'Me and The Ecology Bit' with suitable examples.
Answer:
Introduction

Biodiversity ensures ecological stability, a key theme in our chapter.


Argument 1
  • Diverse species support food chains, like coral reefs hosting marine life.
  • Medicinal plants, like neem, provide treatments, as mentioned in NCERT.

Argument 2
  • Genetic diversity aids adaptation, seen in drought-resistant crops.
  • Ecotourism thrives in biodiverse areas, like Kerala's backwaters.

Conclusion

Protecting biodiversity is vital for sustainability, as our textbook highlights.

Question 10:
How does waste management contribute to ecological balance? Use examples from 'Me and The Ecology Bit'.
Answer:
Introduction

Proper waste management is vital for ecological balance, as we learned in the chapter.


Argument 1
  • Recycling reduces landfill waste and conserves resources.
  • Example: Recycling paper saves trees.

Argument 2
  • Composting organic waste enriches soil naturally.
  • Example: Kitchen waste turned into compost for plants.

Conclusion

NCERT emphasizes waste management as a key to sustaining ecology.

Question 11:
Discuss the importance of biodiversity in maintaining ecological health, with reference to 'Me and The Ecology Bit'.
Answer:
Introduction

Biodiversity ensures ecological health, a key concept in our textbook.


Argument 1
  • Diverse species maintain food chains and ecosystems.
  • Example: Bees pollinating crops support agriculture.

Argument 2
  • Genetic diversity helps species adapt to changes.
  • Example: Different rice varieties surviving climate shifts.

Conclusion

Protecting biodiversity, as NCERT shows, is essential for a balanced ecology.

Question 12:
Explain the concept of sustainable development with reference to the chapter 'Me and The Ecology Bit'. How can individuals contribute to it in their daily lives?
Answer:

Sustainable development refers to meeting the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. It balances economic growth, environmental protection, and social well-being.

In the chapter 'Me and The Ecology Bit', the author highlights how human activities like deforestation and pollution harm the environment. To practice sustainable development, individuals can:

  • Reduce waste by recycling and reusing materials.
  • Conserve water and electricity to lower their carbon footprint.
  • Use public transport or carpool to reduce air pollution.
  • Plant trees to combat climate change and restore ecosystems.

Small actions, when multiplied, create a significant positive impact on the planet.

Question 13:
Describe the role of biodiversity in maintaining ecological balance, as discussed in 'Me and The Ecology Bit'. Provide examples to support your answer.
Answer:

Biodiversity refers to the variety of life forms on Earth, including plants, animals, and microorganisms. It plays a crucial role in maintaining ecological balance by ensuring stability in ecosystems.

In the chapter, the author explains that biodiversity supports:

  • Food chains: Predators and prey depend on each other for survival. For example, if bees (pollinators) disappear, crops fail, affecting humans.
  • Nutrient cycling: Decomposers like fungi break down dead matter, enriching the soil.
  • Climate regulation: Forests absorb CO2, reducing global warming.

Loss of biodiversity, such as the extinction of tigers or coral reefs, disrupts ecosystems. Protecting habitats and reducing pollution are key to preserving biodiversity.

Question 14:
Explain the concept of sustainable development as discussed in the chapter 'Me and The Ecology Bit'. How can individuals contribute to it in their daily lives? Provide examples.
Answer:

Sustainable development refers to meeting the needs of the present generation without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. It balances economic growth, environmental protection, and social well-being.

Individuals can contribute to sustainable development by:

  • Reducing waste by practicing the 3Rs—Reduce, Reuse, Recycle.
  • Using public transport or carpooling to lower carbon emissions.
  • Planting trees to enhance biodiversity and combat climate change.
  • Conserving water by fixing leaks and using water-saving appliances.

For example, switching to reusable bags instead of plastic ones reduces non-biodegradable waste, and using solar energy decreases reliance on fossil fuels.

Question 15:
Describe the role of ecosystems in maintaining ecological balance, as highlighted in the chapter 'Me and The Ecology Bit'. How does human activity impact ecosystems? Suggest measures to mitigate these effects.
Answer:

Ecosystems play a crucial role in maintaining ecological balance by regulating nutrient cycles, supporting biodiversity, and providing essential services like clean air and water.

Human activities such as deforestation, pollution, and urbanization disrupt ecosystems by:

  • Destroying habitats, leading to species extinction.
  • Releasing harmful chemicals into air and water, affecting food chains.
  • Overexploiting natural resources like forests and fisheries.

Mitigation measures include:

  • Promoting afforestation and protecting wildlife sanctuaries.
  • Adopting eco-friendly practices like organic farming.
  • Implementing strict laws to control industrial pollution.

For instance, wetland conservation helps maintain water quality and supports aquatic life, while renewable energy projects reduce environmental degradation.

Question 16:
Explain the concept of ecological balance as discussed in the chapter 'Me and The Ecology Bit'. How can individuals contribute to maintaining it? Provide examples.
Answer:

Ecological balance refers to the stable state where living organisms (biotic factors) and their physical environment (abiotic factors) coexist in harmony, ensuring sustainability. The chapter highlights that disruptions like deforestation or pollution can destabilize this balance, leading to severe consequences like climate change or species extinction.

Individuals can contribute by:

  • Adopting the 3Rs (Reduce, Reuse, Recycle) to minimize waste.
  • Planting trees to restore carbon sinks and improve air quality.
  • Using eco-friendly products to reduce chemical pollution.

For example, avoiding plastic bags and opting for cloth bags helps reduce non-biodegradable waste, while rainwater harvesting conserves water resources. Small actions collectively ensure a healthier ecosystem.

Question 17:
Describe the role of biodiversity in sustaining ecosystems, as explained in 'Me and The Ecology Bit'. How does its loss impact human life?
Answer:

Biodiversity refers to the variety of life forms (plants, animals, microorganisms) in an ecosystem. The chapter emphasizes its critical role in:

  • Maintaining food chains and ensuring nutrient cycling.
  • Providing resources like medicines, timber, and clean water.
  • Enhancing ecosystem resilience against disasters like floods or droughts.

Loss of biodiversity disrupts these functions. For instance:

  • Declining bee populations threaten crop pollination, reducing food supply.
  • Deforestation leads to soil erosion, affecting agriculture.

Humans depend on biodiversity for survival, and its loss risks livelihoods, health, and climate stability. Protecting habitats and reducing pollution are vital steps to preserve it.

Question 18:
Explain the concept of ecological balance as discussed in the chapter Me and The Ecology Bit. How can individuals contribute to maintaining it? Support your answer with examples.
Answer:

Ecological balance refers to the stable state where living organisms (biotic factors) and their physical environment (abiotic factors) coexist in harmony, ensuring sustainability. The chapter highlights that disruptions like deforestation or pollution can destabilize this balance, leading to severe consequences like climate change or species extinction.

Individuals can contribute by:

  • Reducing waste: Practicing the 3Rs (Reduce, Reuse, Recycle) minimizes landfill burden. Example: Using cloth bags instead of plastic.
  • Conserving resources: Saving water and energy lowers environmental strain. Example: Switching off unused lights.
  • Planting trees: Trees absorb CO2 and release O2, improving air quality. Example: Participating in community plantation drives.

Small collective actions can significantly restore ecological balance, as emphasized in the chapter.

Question 19:
Describe the role of sustainable development in preserving the environment, referencing the chapter Me and The Ecology Bit. Provide two real-life applications of sustainable practices.
Answer:

Sustainable development means meeting present needs without compromising future generations' resources, a key theme in the chapter. It integrates economic growth, social inclusion, and environmental protection.

Two real-life applications are:

  • Renewable energy adoption: Solar panels and wind turbines replace fossil fuels, reducing carbon emissions. Example: Rooftop solar installations in homes.
  • Organic farming: Avoids chemical pesticides, preserving soil health. Example: Farmers using compost instead of synthetic fertilizers.

The chapter stresses that such practices align with sustainable development goals (SDGs), ensuring long-term planetary health.

Question 20:
Explain the concept of sustainable development as discussed in the chapter Me and The Ecology Bit. How can individuals contribute to it in their daily lives? Support your answer with examples.
Answer:

Sustainable development refers to meeting the needs of the present generation without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. It balances economic growth, environmental protection, and social well-being.

Individuals can contribute to sustainable development in the following ways:

  • Reducing waste: Using reusable bags, bottles, and containers to minimize plastic pollution.
  • Conserving energy: Switching off unused appliances and opting for energy-efficient devices.
  • Promoting green transportation: Walking, cycling, or using public transport to reduce carbon emissions.

For example, choosing to recycle paper or composting organic waste at home helps reduce landfill burden and supports a circular economy. Small actions, when multiplied, create a significant positive impact on the environment.

Question 21:
Describe the role of biodiversity in maintaining ecological balance, as highlighted in the chapter Me and The Ecology Bit. Provide real-life instances where loss of biodiversity has affected ecosystems.
Answer:

Biodiversity refers to the variety of life forms (plants, animals, microorganisms) in an ecosystem. It ensures ecological stability by:

  • Maintaining food chains and nutrient cycles.
  • Supporting pollination and soil fertility.
  • Providing resilience against natural disasters.

Real-life instances of biodiversity loss impacting ecosystems include:

  • Deforestation in the Amazon: Reduced habitats for species like jaguars, disrupting the food web.
  • Coral reef degradation: Overfishing and pollution have bleached corals, affecting marine life dependent on them.

For instance, the decline of honeybees due to pesticides has threatened crop pollination, emphasizing how biodiversity loss directly harms human livelihoods. Protecting biodiversity is crucial for a sustainable planet.

Case-based Questions (4 Marks) – with Solutions (CBSE Pattern)

These 4-mark case-based questions assess analytical skills through real-life scenarios. Answers must be based on the case study provided.

Question 1:
In Me and The Ecology Bit, the narrator describes how small actions can impact the environment. Case Summary: A student notices plastic waste harming local birds.
Analysis: How can individuals reduce plastic use?
Conclusion: Suggest two NCERT-recommended eco-friendly alternatives.
Answer:
Case Summary

The narrator highlights how plastic waste affects wildlife, like birds choking on it.

Analysis
  • We studied that avoiding single-use plastics (e.g., bags, straws) reduces harm.
  • Our textbook shows reusable cloth bags as a solution.
Conclusion

Two NCERT alternatives: (1) Carry jute/paper bags, (2) Use steel bottles instead of plastic. Small changes create big impacts.

Question 2:
Case Summary: The lesson mentions deforestation causing habitat loss.
Analysis: Why are forests vital for ecology?
Conclusion: Name two NCERT-cited consequences of deforestation.
Answer:
Case Summary

Forests house biodiversity, but cutting trees disrupts ecosystems.

Analysis
  • We learned forests maintain oxygen balance and prevent soil erosion.
  • Our textbook links them to rainfall cycles.
Conclusion

Two consequences: (1) Loss of animal habitats (e.g., tigers), (2) Increased global warming due to CO2 rise.

Question 3:
Case Summary: The narrator feels guilty about wasting water.
Analysis: How does water conservation help ecology?
Conclusion: List two NCERT methods to save water at home.
Answer:
Case Summary

Water wastage harms aquatic life and depletes resources.

Analysis
  • We studied that saving water ensures supply for future generations.
  • Our textbook shows it protects wetlands.
Conclusion

Two methods: (1) Fix leaking taps, (2) Use buckets instead of showers. Every drop counts!

Question 4:
Case Summary: A character in the lesson uses public transport to reduce pollution.
Analysis: How do vehicles affect air quality?
Conclusion: Give two NCERT-approved ways to cut vehicular pollution.
Answer:
Case Summary

Fossil fuel vehicles emit smoke, worsening air pollution.

Analysis
  • We learned that CO2 from cars causes smog and respiratory diseases.
  • Our textbook promotes carpooling.
Conclusion

Two solutions: (1) Walk/cycle short distances, (2) Use CNG buses. Cleaner air benefits all.

Question 5:
Case Summary: The lesson emphasizes recycling paper.
Analysis: Why is recycling important for trees?
Conclusion: Mention two NCERT examples of recyclable items besides paper.
Answer:
Case Summary

Recycling paper saves trees and reduces landfill waste.

Analysis
  • We studied that 17 trees are saved per ton of recycled paper.
  • Our textbook links it to energy conservation.
Conclusion

Two recyclables: (1) Glass bottles, (2) Aluminum cans. Recycling protects our planet.

Question 6:
In Me and The Ecology Bit, the narrator describes how small actions can impact the environment. Analyze two examples from the text where individual efforts led to positive ecological change.
Answer:
Case Summary

We studied how the narrator and their friends planted trees and reduced plastic use.

Analysis
  • Tree planting improved air quality and provided habitat for birds.
  • Reducing plastic decreased pollution, as shown in our textbook.
Conclusion

Small actions, like those in the text, can collectively create a healthier environment.

Question 7:
The text Me and The Ecology Bit highlights the importance of community involvement in environmental conservation. Explain how the narrator’s community contributed to ecological balance with two examples.
Answer:
Case Summary

The narrator’s community organized clean-up drives and rainwater harvesting.

Analysis
  • Clean-ups reduced waste, preventing soil and water contamination.
  • Rainwater harvesting conserved water, a practice also mentioned in NCERT.
Conclusion

Community efforts, as shown in the text, are vital for sustainable ecology.

Question 8:
In Me and The Ecology Bit, the narrator learns about interdependence in nature. Describe two instances from the text where this concept is demonstrated.
Answer:
Case Summary

The text shows bees pollinating flowers and decomposers recycling nutrients.

Analysis
  • Bees help plants reproduce, ensuring food chains continue.
  • Decomposers break down waste, enriching soil, as explained in our textbook.
Conclusion

Interdependence, like in these examples, keeps ecosystems balanced.

Question 9:
The narrator in Me and The Ecology Bit realizes the impact of waste management. Discuss two methods from the text that effectively address waste problems.
Answer:
Case Summary

The text mentions composting organic waste and recycling paper.

Analysis
  • Composting turns kitchen waste into fertilizer, reducing landfill use.
  • Recycling paper saves trees, a practice highlighted in NCERT.
Conclusion

Proper waste management, as described, protects our environment.

Question 10:
In Me and The Ecology Bit, the narrator describes how small actions can impact the environment. Case Summary: A student decides to reduce plastic use after learning about its effects.

How does this align with the ecological message of the lesson? Provide two examples from the text.
Answer:
Case Summary
The student’s action reflects the lesson’s focus on individual responsibility.
Analysis
  • Our textbook shows how the narrator avoids plastic bags, similar to the student’s effort.
  • The lesson highlights small steps, like recycling, as seen in the narrator’s habit of reusing paper.
Conclusion
Both the text and the case emphasize that personal choices matter in ecology.
Question 11:
Case Summary: A community cleans a polluted river, inspired by Me and The Ecology Bit.

How does this connect to the theme of collective action in the lesson? Support with two examples.
Answer:
Case Summary
The community’s effort mirrors the lesson’s idea of teamwork for ecology.
Analysis
  • We studied how the narrator encourages neighbors to plant trees, like the river cleanup.
  • The text mentions group projects, such as composting, similar to this initiative.
Conclusion
Both show that environmental change requires shared effort.
Question 12:
In Me and The Ecology Bit, the narrator discusses sustainable habits. Case Summary: A family switches to solar energy.

How does this reflect the lesson’s principles? Give two textual references.
Answer:
Case Summary
The family’s choice aligns with the lesson’s focus on sustainability.
Analysis
  • Our textbook describes the narrator using renewable resources, like bicycles, just as the family uses solar power.
  • The lesson advocates for energy conservation, seen in the narrator’s habit of turning off unused lights.
Conclusion
Both cases highlight adopting eco-friendly alternatives.
Question 13:
Case Summary: A school starts a waste segregation program after reading Me and The Ecology Bit.

How does this relate to the lesson’s practical solutions? Cite two examples from the text.
Answer:
Case Summary
The school’s program echoes the lesson’s emphasis on actionable steps.
Analysis
  • We studied how the narrator separates biodegradable waste, similar to the school’s initiative.
  • The text mentions educating peers, like the narrator teaching friends about recycling, just as the school does.
Conclusion
Both demonstrate applying ecological knowledge in real life.
Question 14:

Read the following case study:

Rahul, a 10th-grade student, noticed that his school's garden had dried up due to irregular watering. He decided to take action by forming an Eco-Club with his classmates. They implemented a drip irrigation system and educated others about water conservation.

Based on the case, answer:

1. How did Rahul demonstrate ecological responsibility?
2. Why is a drip irrigation system more sustainable than traditional methods?

Answer:

1. Rahul demonstrated ecological responsibility by taking initiative to address the issue of the dried-up garden. He formed an Eco-Club, which shows leadership and teamwork in solving environmental problems. His actions reflect awareness and commitment to preserving natural resources.

2. A drip irrigation system is more sustainable than traditional methods because:

  • It delivers water directly to plant roots, minimizing wastage.
  • It reduces water evaporation and runoff, conserving water.
  • It prevents soil erosion and nutrient loss, promoting healthier plant growth.
This method aligns with sustainable practices by optimizing resource use.

Question 15:

Read the following case study:

Priya observed that her locality faced frequent power cuts, leading to excessive use of diesel generators. She proposed the idea of solar panels to her community and explained their long-term benefits.

Based on the case, answer:

1. How does Priya's proposal reflect the theme of Me and The Ecology Bit?
2. List two advantages of using solar energy over diesel generators.

Answer:

1. Priya's proposal reflects the theme of Me and The Ecology Bit by highlighting individual responsibility toward the environment. She took proactive steps to reduce pollution and promote renewable energy, embodying the chapter's message of personal contribution to ecological balance.

2. Two advantages of solar energy over diesel generators are:

  • Solar energy is clean and does not emit harmful pollutants, unlike diesel generators which release greenhouse gases.
  • It is renewable and relies on sunlight, a free and abundant resource, whereas diesel is expensive and finite.
These benefits make solar energy a sustainable alternative.

Question 16:
Read the following case study:
In a small village, people relied on the nearby river for drinking water, but over time, the river became polluted due to industrial waste. The villagers, led by a young student named Riya, decided to take action. They organized clean-up drives, planted trees along the riverbank, and educated others about the importance of ecological balance.
Based on the case, answer: How did Riya and the villagers demonstrate the concept of sustainable development?
Answer:

Riya and the villagers demonstrated sustainable development by taking steps to restore the river while ensuring long-term environmental health.

Key actions:

  • Organizing clean-up drives to remove pollutants, improving water quality.
  • Planting trees to prevent soil erosion and maintain the riverbank's ecological balance.
  • Educating others to create awareness about responsible waste disposal and conservation.

These efforts show a balance between meeting present needs (clean water) and protecting resources for future generations, a core principle of sustainable development.

Question 17:
Case Study:
A school in Delhi noticed a decline in sparrow populations due to loss of nesting spaces and pollution. Students initiated a "Sparrow-Friendly Campus" project by installing bird feeders, nest boxes, and reducing pesticide use.
Question: Explain how this project aligns with the themes discussed in Me and The Ecology Bit.
Answer:

The "Sparrow-Friendly Campus" project aligns with the chapter's themes by addressing human impact on ecosystems and promoting coexistence.

Connections to the chapter:

  • Loss of nesting spaces reflects how urbanization disrupts ecological balance, a key topic in the chapter.
  • Installing nest boxes and feeders shows proactive steps to restore habitats, echoing the chapter's message of individual responsibility.
  • Reducing pesticides highlights the harmful effects of chemicals on biodiversity, another focus area.

This project embodies the chapter's call for mindful actions to protect nature.

Question 18:
Read the following case study:
Riya, a 10th-grade student, noticed that her school's garden had become dry and lifeless due to excessive use of chemical fertilizers. She decided to take action by organizing a composting initiative. She educated her peers about the benefits of organic waste recycling and set up compost bins in the school. Within months, the garden flourished.
Based on the case, answer:
How did Riya's initiative demonstrate the principles of sustainable development?
Answer:

Riya's initiative perfectly aligned with the principles of sustainable development by balancing ecological health, social awareness, and long-term benefits. Here's how:

  • Environmental Conservation: By replacing chemical fertilizers with compost, she reduced soil pollution and promoted organic farming.
  • Community Participation: She involved peers, fostering collective responsibility towards the environment.
  • Resource Efficiency: Composting reused organic waste, minimizing landfill burden and creating a circular economy.
  • Educational Value: Her awareness campaign empowered others to adopt eco-friendly practices, ensuring continuity.

This case shows how small actions can integrate ecology, economy, and society for sustainability.

Question 19:
Analyze the given scenario:
A village near a forest relied on firewood for cooking, leading to deforestation. The local NGO introduced biogas plants using cattle dung, reducing tree cutting and improving air quality. Farmers also used the slurry as fertilizer.
Explain how this project reflects the theme of Me and The Ecology Bit by connecting individual actions to larger ecological impacts.
Answer:

The project embodies the chapter's theme by showing how individual/community choices (Me) directly affect the environment (Ecology Bit):

  • Reduced Deforestation: Switching to biogas decreased dependence on firewood, preserving biodiversity and preventing soil erosion.
  • Clean Energy: Biogas replaced smoke-producing firewood, improving air quality and reducing health risks.
  • Waste-to-Wealth: Cattle dung, a waste product, became energy and fertilizer, closing the nutrient cycle.
  • Scalable Model: The initiative proved that sustainable alternatives can meet daily needs without harming ecology.

This highlights the interdependence of human actions and nature, a core idea in the chapter.

Question 20:
Read the following case study:

Riya, a 10th-grade student, noticed that her school canteen uses plastic plates and cups daily, which are discarded after one use. She wants to propose an eco-friendly alternative to reduce waste.

Based on the chapter Me and The Ecology Bit, answer the following:
(a) Suggest two sustainable alternatives to plastic plates and cups that Riya can propose.
(b) Explain how these alternatives will benefit the environment.
Answer:

(a) Riya can propose the following sustainable alternatives to plastic plates and cups:

  • Biodegradable plates and cups made from materials like bamboo, sugarcane bagasse, or areca leaves.
  • Reusable stainless steel or glass containers that can be washed and used multiple times.

(b) These alternatives benefit the environment in the following ways:

Biodegradable products decompose naturally, reducing landfill waste and preventing soil pollution. They also require less energy to produce compared to plastic.

Reusable containers minimize waste generation and reduce the demand for single-use plastics, conserving resources and lowering carbon emissions from production and disposal.

Question 21:
Read the following case study:

Aryan observed that his neighborhood park has litter scattered around, and the plants look unhealthy. He decides to organize a cleanliness drive and tree-planting event.

Based on the chapter Me and The Ecology Bit, answer the following:
(a) List two steps Aryan should take to ensure the success of his event.
(b) How will this initiative contribute to ecological balance?
Answer:

(a) Aryan should take the following steps to ensure the success of his event:

  • Spread awareness by creating posters or using social media to invite volunteers and educate people about the importance of cleanliness and tree planting.
  • Arrange necessary supplies like garbage bags, gloves, saplings, and tools for planting to make the event efficient.

(b) This initiative will contribute to ecological balance in the following ways:

Cleanliness drive will reduce pollution, prevent harm to wildlife, and improve the overall health of the ecosystem.

Tree planting will enhance air quality by absorbing carbon dioxide, provide habitat for birds and insects, and prevent soil erosion, thus maintaining a balanced environment.

Question 22:
Read the following case study:
Riya, a 10th-grade student, noticed that her school canteen uses plastic plates and cups daily, contributing to environmental pollution. She decides to take action by proposing a switch to biodegradable alternatives.
Based on the chapter Me and The Ecology Bit, answer the following:
(a) How would Riya's initiative align with the principles of sustainable development?
(b) Suggest two additional steps Riya could take to promote ecological awareness in her school.
Answer:

(a) Riya's initiative aligns with sustainable development by addressing the ecological impact of plastic waste. Switching to biodegradable alternatives reduces non-biodegradable waste, conserves resources, and minimizes harm to ecosystems. This action supports the principle of meeting present needs without compromising future generations.


(b) Two additional steps Riya could take are:

  • Organizing an awareness campaign in her school to educate students and staff about the benefits of reducing plastic use and adopting eco-friendly practices.
  • Starting a recycling program in collaboration with the school administration to ensure proper disposal and recycling of waste materials.
Question 23:
Read the following case study:
A local community near a river is facing severe water pollution due to industrial waste dumping. The residents, including students, are concerned about the health and environmental impacts.
Based on the chapter Me and The Ecology Bit, answer the following:
(a) Explain how water pollution affects the ecosystem and human health.
(b) Propose two practical measures the students can take to address this issue, linking it to the concept of environmental stewardship.
Answer:

(a) Water pollution disrupts the ecosystem by harming aquatic life, reducing biodiversity, and contaminating food chains. For humans, it causes diseases like cholera, skin infections, and long-term health issues due to toxic chemicals. Polluted water also affects agriculture and drinking water sources, leading to broader environmental and social problems.


(b) Two practical measures students can take are:

  • Conducting a community clean-up drive to remove waste from the riverbanks and raise awareness about the dangers of pollution.
  • Writing a petition or meeting local authorities to demand stricter enforcement of environmental laws against industrial waste dumping, showcasing their role as environmental stewards.
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