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Economics is a critical subject for Commerce students — blending theory, statistics, and logical application. With NCERT clarity and graph-based practice, 90+ is totally achievable.
📝 CBSE Economics Exam Pattern – Class 12 (2025–26)
Theory Paper: 80 Marks
Project Work: 20 Marks
| Units |
Marks |
| Part A: Introductory Macroeconomics |
40 |
| Part B: Indian Economic Development |
40 |
| Total (Theory) |
80 |
| Project Work |
20 |
📚 Units & Chapter-Wise Weightage
🔹 Part A – Introductory Macroeconomics (40 Marks)
| Unit |
Marks |
| National Income and Related Aggregates |
10 |
| Money and Banking |
6 |
| Government Budget and the Economy |
6 |
| Balance of Payments |
6 |
| Determination of Income and Employment |
12 |
🔹 Part B – Indian Economic Development (40 Marks)
| Unit |
Marks |
| Development Experience (1947–90) & Economic Reforms |
12 |
| Current Challenges Facing Indian Economy |
20 |
| Development Experience of India – A Comparison |
8 |
🧠 Important Focus Areas
🏛 Macroeconomics
-
GDP, GNP, NDP, and National Income concepts
-
Aggregate Demand & Supply
-
Fiscal policy: deficit, budget types
-
Monetary tools: repo, reverse repo rates
-
Balance of payments vs trade balance
🌏 Indian Economic Development
-
LPG Reforms (1991)
-
Poverty, Unemployment, Infrastructure
-
Sustainable development & environmental issues
-
Comparative study: India vs China/Bangladesh
📂 Project Work (20 Marks)
-
Topic Selection: Choose real-world relevant topics (e.g., poverty, budget analysis, inflation trends)
-
Structure: Introduction, data, analysis, conclusion
-
Presentation: Neat, properly cited, charts/graphs included
-
Viva Prep: Know your data & explain your findings confidently
📄 Question Paper Format
| Type of Question |
Number of Qs |
Marks per Q |
Total |
| Very Short (1 mark) |
4 |
1 |
4 |
| Short Answer (3 marks) |
6 |
3 |
18 |
| Long Answer (4–6 marks) |
8 |
4–6 |
58 |
| Total |
— |
— |
80 |
🧠 Smart Tips for Class 12 Economics Prep
✅ Practice national income numericals regularly
✅ Focus on real-world economic data and latest trends
✅ Use flowcharts/diagrams to explain concepts
✅ Prepare short notes for policy changes and reforms
✅ Revise India-China-Pakistan comparison tables
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📊 Unit-wise quizzes (Macroeconomics & Indian Eco Dev)
📈 Graph Drawing & Analysis Practice
📝 PYQs & Sample Paper Practice Mode
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💡 Pro Tip:
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