Chapter Overview
This chapter introduces the concept of breathing and the mechanism of gas exchange in humans and other animals. It explains the structure of the human respiratory system, mechanism of breathing, exchange of gases at alveolar and tissue levels, transport of gases, regulation of respiration, and common respiratory disorders.
Important Keywords
- Breathing: Physical process of inhaling and exhaling air.
- Respiration: Biochemical process of releasing energy from food molecules.
- Alveoli: Tiny air sacs in lungs where gas exchange occurs.
- Tidal Volume (TV): Air volume inspired or expired in a normal breath.
- Vital Capacity (VC): Maximum air volume that can be exhaled after maximum inhalation.
- Residual Volume (RV): Air remaining in lungs after a forced exhalation.
- Partial Pressure: Pressure exerted by an individual gas in a mixture.
- Oxyhaemoglobin: Compound formed when oxygen binds with hemoglobin.
- Carbaminohemoglobin: Compound formed when carbon dioxide binds with hemoglobin.
- Hypoxia: Deficiency of oxygen in tissues.
Detailed Notes
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