CBSE Class 9 Social Studies – Socialism in Europe and the Russian Revolution

Chapter Overview

The chapter explores the emergence of socialism in Europe and the revolutionary changes in Russia in the early 20th century. It discusses the economic and political ideologies that influenced the Russian Revolution and its global impact.

Important Keywords

• Socialism: A political and economic theory advocating collective or governmental ownership of resources.
• Communism: A system where all property is publicly owned and each person works according to their abilities.
• Bolsheviks: A radical socialist group led by Lenin that seized power in Russia in 1917.
• Mensheviks: A moderate socialist group opposing the Bolsheviks.
• Proletariat: The working class, often associated with revolutionary movements.