CBSE Class 12 Geography – The World Population: Distribution, Density, and Growth

Chapter Overview

This chapter explores how the world’s population is unevenly distributed, reasons behind it, how density is measured and influenced, and the dynamics of population growth through birth, death, and migration components. It also examines demographic transitions and global trends including urbanization and future projections. :contentReference[oaicite:1]{index=1}

Important Keywords

• Population distribution: How people are spatially spread on Earth’s surface—90% on just 10% of land. :contentReference[oaicite:2]{index=2}
• Population density: Number of persons per km²—world average ~55/km². :contentReference[oaicite:3]{index=3}
• Crude Birth Rate (CBR): Live births per 1,000 population per year. :contentReference[oaicite:4]{index=4}
• Crude Death Rate (CDR): Deaths per 1,000 population per year. :contentReference[oaicite:5]{index=5}
• Natural Increase: CBR minus CDR. :contentReference[oaicite:6]{index=6}
• Actual Growth: Natural increase plus in/out migration. :contentReference[oaicite:7]{index=7}
• Demographic transition: Shift from high birth/death rates to low birth/death rates over five stages. :contentReference[oaicite:8]{index=8}
• Urbanization: Growing share of population in towns/cities (>58% by 2025). :contentReference[oaicite:9]{index=9}
• Migrant/Immigrant/Emigrant: Movement of people between regions—key in population change. :contentReference[oaicite:10]{index=10}