Class 12 Economics – Migration: Types, Causes and Consequences

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12th

12th - Economics

Migration: Types, Causes and Consequences

Chapter Overview

This chapter delves into migration as a major demographic phenomenon, its classification (internal vs international; rural‑urban, etc.), and the concept of push‑pull factors. It then examines economic, social, cultural, political, environmental, and demographic consequences for both origin and destination regions.

Important Keywords

  • Migration: Movement of people across places with intent to stay temporarily or permanently.
  • Internal Migration: Movement within national borders.
  • International Migration: Crossing international boundaries.
  • Push factors: Conditions at origin that drive people away (e.g., poverty, conflict).
  • Pull factors: Attractions at destination (e.g., jobs, education).
  • Rural‑Urban: Movement from countryside to cities.
  • Circular Migration: Temporary, repeat movement for work.
  • Remittances: Money sent back by migrants.
  • Demographic Impact: Changes in age/sex composition.

Detailed Notes

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