Chapter Overview
This chapter discusses the types of excretory products formed in animals, the human excretory system, and its functional units – nephrons. It explains urine formation, osmoregulation, and various excretory mechanisms in other organisms. The chapter also covers common disorders of the excretory system.
Important Keywords
- Excretion: Process of removal of metabolic wastes from the body.
- Ammonotelic: Animals that excrete ammonia (e.g., aquatic amphibians, bony fishes).
- Ureotelic: Animals that excrete urea (e.g., humans, amphibians).
- Uricotelic: Animals that excrete uric acid (e.g., birds, insects).
- Nephron: Structural and functional unit of the kidney.
- Bowman’s Capsule: Cup-shaped structure that encloses the glomerulus for filtration.
- Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR): Volume of filtrate formed per minute by the kidneys.
- Osmoregulation: Regulation of water and salt balance in the body.
- ADH: Hormone that helps regulate water absorption in kidneys.
Detailed Notes
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